CSS Transitions
CSS Transitions
CSS transitions allows you to change property values smoothly, over a given duration.
Mouse over the element below to see a CSS transition effect:
CSS
In this chapter you will learn about the following properties:
transition
transition-delay
transition-duration
transition-property
transition-timing-function
Browser Support for Transitions
The numbers in the table specify the first browser version that fully supports the property.
Property
transition
26.0
10.0
16.0
6.1
12.1
transition-delay
26.0
10.0
16.0
6.1
12.1
transition-duration
26.0
10.0
16.0
6.1
12.1
transition-property
26.0
10.0
16.0
6.1
12.1
transition-timing-function
26.0
10.0
16.0
6.1
12.1
How to Use CSS Transitions?
To create a transition effect, you must specify two things:
the CSS property you want to add an effect to
the duration of the effect
Note: If the duration part is not specified, the transition will have no effect, because the default value is 0.
The following example shows a 100px * 100px red <div> element. The <div>
element has also specified a transition effect for the width property, with a duration of 2 seconds:
Example
div
{ width: 100px; height: 100px;
background: red; transition: width 2s;
}
The transition effect will start when the specified CSS property (width) changes value.
Now, let us specify a new value for the width property when a user mouses over the <div> element:
Example
div:hover
{
width: 300px;
}
Try it Yourself »
Notice that when the cursor mouses out of the element, it will gradually change back to its original style.
Change Several Property Values
The following example adds a transition effect for both the width and height property, with a duration
of 2 seconds for the width and 4 seconds for the height:
Example
div
{
transition: width 2s, height 4s;
}
Try it Yourself »
Specify the Speed Curve of the Transition
The transition-timing-function property specifies the speed curve of the transition effect.
The transition-timing-function property can have the following values:
ease - specifies a transition effect with a slow start, then fast, then end slowly (this is default)
linear - specifies a transition effect with the same speed from start to end
ease-in - specifies a transition effect with a slow start
ease-out - specifies a transition effect with a slow end
ease-in-out - specifies a transition effect with a slow start and end
cubic-bezier(n,n,n,n) - lets you define your own values in a cubic-bezier function
The following example shows some of the different speed curves that can be used:
Example
#div1 {transition-timing-function: linear;}#div2
{transition-timing-function: ease;}#div3 {transition-timing-function:
ease-in;}#div4 {transition-timing-function: ease-out;}#div5
{transition-timing-function: ease-in-out;}
Try it Yourself »
Delay the Transition Effect
The transition-delay property specifies a delay (in seconds) for the transition effect.
The following example has a 1 second delay before starting:
Example
div {
transition-delay: 1s;}
Try it Yourself »
Transition + Transformation
The following example adds a transition effect to the transformation:
Example
div { transition:
width 2s, height 2s, transform 2s;}
Try it Yourself »
More Transition Examples
The CSS transition properties can be specified one by one, like this:
Example
div
{ transition-property: width;
transition-duration: 2s;
transition-timing-function: linear;
transition-delay: 1s;
}
Try it Yourself »
or by using the shorthand property transition:
Example
div
{
transition: width 2s linear 1s;
}
Try it Yourself »
Test Yourself With Exercises
Exercise:
Add a 2 second transition effect for width changes of the <div> element.
<style>
div {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: red;
: ;
}
div:hover {
width: 300px;
}
</style>
<body>
<div>This is a div</div>
</body>
Submit Answer »
Start the Exercise
CSS Transition Properties
The following table lists all the CSS transition properties:
Property
Description
transition
A shorthand property for setting the four transition properties into a single property
transition-delay
Specifies a delay (in seconds) for the transition effect
transition-duration
Specifies how many seconds or milliseconds a transition effect takes to complete
transition-property
Specifies the name of the CSS property the transition effect is for
transition-timing-function
Specifies the speed curve of the transition effect
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Reference: https://www.w3schools.com/css/css3_transitions.asp